ABSTRACT
Objective To study the effectiveness,side effects and safety of glucosamine chondroitin sulfate calcium (Keylid(R)) tablets for osteoarthritis of the knee.Methods To review the clinical data of 103 cases of primary knee osteoarthritis who had been treated between March 2013 and February 2014.The intervention group included 53 cases (23 males and 30 females with an age of 71.0 ± 9.1 years) who received Keylid(R) tablets (2 tablets twice per day) accompanied with exercise therapy for 24 weeks;the control group included 50 cases (22 males and 28 females with an age of 69.8 ± 8.8 years) who received placebo (2 tablets twice per day) accompanied with exercise therapy for 24 weeks.No NSAIDs,calcium or other articular dietary supplements were taken by the 2 groups during the study period.T-test was used to analyse the results.Results After treatment,the range of knee motion for the intervention group (123.27° ± 10.22°) was significantly larger than that for the control group (116.34° ± 8.76°),and the average pain visual analogue score after 40 m walking for the former (2.92 ± 0.36) significantly lower than that for the latter (3.30 ± 0.22) (P ＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index,time for 40 m walking or circumference of the knee (P ＞ 0.05).No side effects were observed in either group during the study period.Conclusion Keylid(R) tablets complemented with exercise therapy may reduce pain and improve knee function with no adverse events in the patients with knee osteoarthritis.
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Objective To investigate the relationships of nuclear factor кB (NF-кB) activation with protein kinase B (Akt) and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) during amyloid-β (Aβ) (25-35) -induced apoptosis in pheochromocytoma cells (PC12 cells) of rats. Methods Apoptosis in PC12 cells was induced by A(25-35). The activities of Akt, GSK-3β and NF-кB were analyzed in this process. The Akt and GSK-3β pathways were blocked by their specific inhibitors, respectively, and the relationships of Akt and, GSK-3β with NF-кB during Aβ(25-35)-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells were determined. Results Aβ(25-35) induced apoptosis was in a dose-dependent manner. With 0, 5, 10, 20 μmol/L and 40 μmol/L Aβ(25-35) treaing for 48 h, the apoptosis rates of PC12 cells were (3. 01 ± 0.03)%, (3.08 ±0.03)%, (25.32 ± 0.76)%, ( 42.88 ± 0.60 )% and ( 60.85 ± 2.39 )% , respectively. Compared to control, both Akt and GSK-3β were suppressed during apoptosis, at meantime NF-кB was activated. The inhibited Akt activity by wortmannin leaded to decreased NF-кB activatity and increased GSK-3β activatity. Suppression of GSK-3β with its specific inhibitor LiCl caused the decreased activation of NF-кB too, but it had no significant influence on Akt activity. Conclusions These results suggest that both Akt and GSK-3β are upstream regulators of NF-кB. They co-regulate the activation of NF-кB during Aβ(25-35)-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. This study contributes to the theoretical base for the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD) , and provides a new idea to AD prevention and therapy.
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@#ObjectiveTo explore the effect of musicotherapy on agitation behaviors in patients with aged dementia (AD).Methods22 AD patients were treated with different musicotherapies, and examined with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI) and self made sociality psychological inventory before and after treatment.ResultsAfter musicotherapy, the incidence rate of agitation behaviors of AD patients decreased significantly ( P<0.001). The incidence rates of agitation behaviors among patients with low, middle and high MMSE scores were significantly different ( P<0.001). After musicotherapy, both depressions of patients' cognitive function and scores of agitation behaviors were significant different compared with that before treatment (P<0.01). Effectual rates of musicotherapy on sociality psychological emotion, communication, language and intercourse of this group patients were 86.36%, 90.91%, 72.73% and 77.27%, respectively.ConclusionMusicotherapy can effectively alleviate the symptoms of agitation behaviors in AD patients.